Impact of Climate Change on Rainfed Rice Yields in India

Climate Change Projected to Significantly Impact Rainfed Rice Yields by Mid-Century

The Indian government has indicated that climate change is likely to lead to a substantial reduction in rainfed rice yields, estimating a decline of approximately 20% by the 2050s. Furthermore, projections for the 2080s suggest a more severe decrease, with potential losses ranging from 10% to as much as 47%. This alarming trend was highlighted in a recent response by the Centre in the Rajya Sabha, raising concerns about food security and agricultural sustainability in the country.

Rainfed rice is a crucial staple for millions of people in India, particularly in regions that rely heavily on monsoon rains for irrigation. The anticipated yield reductions are attributed to various factors associated with climate change, including increased temperatures, altered rainfall patterns, and the heightened frequency of extreme weather events such as droughts and floods.

In light of these challenges, experts emphasize the need for adaptive agricultural practices and the development of climate-resilient rice varieties. Strategies such as improved water management, soil health enhancement, and the adoption of agroecological practices can help mitigate some of the adverse effects of climate change on rice production.

Moreover, the government and agricultural research institutions are urged to invest in research and innovation to develop sustainable farming techniques and resilient crop varieties. By proactively addressing the challenges posed by climate change, India can work towards securing food availability and ensuring the livelihoods of farmers dependent on rainfed agriculture.